diff --git a/usr.bin/tmux/cmd-display-panes.c b/usr.bin/tmux/cmd-display-panes.c
index 7d49ba70064..ab5931a5ed0 100644
--- a/usr.bin/tmux/cmd-display-panes.c
+++ b/usr.bin/tmux/cmd-display-panes.c
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-/* $OpenBSD: cmd-display-panes.c,v 1.49 2026/06/08 20:42:39 nicm Exp $ */
+/* $OpenBSD: cmd-display-panes.c,v 1.50 2026/06/09 21:22:22 nicm Exp $ */
 
 /*
  * Copyright (c) 2009 Nicholas Marriott <nicholas.marriott@gmail.com>
@@ -91,6 +91,7 @@ cmd_display_panes_draw_format(struct screen_redraw_ctx *ctx,
 	const char		*format;
 	char			*expanded;
 	u_int			 i, px = ctx->ox + xoff;
+	struct tty_style_ctx	 style_ctx = { .defaults = gc };
 
 	format = options_get_string(s->options, "display-panes-format");
 	expanded = format_single(NULL, format, c, s, s->curw, wp);
@@ -105,7 +106,7 @@ cmd_display_panes_draw_format(struct screen_redraw_ctx *ctx,
 	for (i = 0; i < r->used; i++) {
 		ri = &r->ranges[i];
 		tty_draw_line(tty, &screen, ri->px - px, 0, ri->nx,
-		    ri->px - ctx->ox, yoff, gc, NULL);
+		    ri->px - ctx->ox, yoff, &style_ctx);
 	}
 	screen_free(&screen);
 }
@@ -199,7 +200,7 @@ cmd_display_panes_draw_pane(struct screen_redraw_ctx *ctx,
 		llen = 0;
 
 	if (sx < len * 6 || sy < 5) {
-		tty_attributes(tty, &fgc, &grid_default_cell, NULL, NULL);
+		tty_attributes(tty, &fgc, NULL);
 		if (sx >= len + llen + 1) {
 			len += llen + 1;
 			cx = xoff + px - len / 2;
@@ -220,7 +221,7 @@ cmd_display_panes_draw_pane(struct screen_redraw_ctx *ctx,
 	px -= len * 3;
 	py -= 2;
 
-	tty_attributes(tty, &bgc, &grid_default_cell, NULL, NULL);
+	tty_attributes(tty, &bgc, NULL);
 	for (ptr = buf; *ptr != '\0'; ptr++) {
 		if (*ptr < '0' || *ptr > '9')
 			continue;
@@ -242,7 +243,7 @@ cmd_display_panes_draw_pane(struct screen_redraw_ctx *ctx,
 		goto out;
 	cmd_display_panes_draw_format(ctx, wp, xoff, yoff, sx, &fgc);
 	if (llen != 0) {
-		tty_attributes(tty, &fgc, &grid_default_cell, NULL, NULL);
+		tty_attributes(tty, &fgc, NULL);
 		cx = xoff + sx / 2 + len * 3 - llen - 1;
 		cy = yoff + py + 5;
 		cmd_display_panes_put(ctx, wp, cx, cy, lbuf, llen);
diff --git a/usr.bin/tmux/cmd-kill-pane.c b/usr.bin/tmux/cmd-kill-pane.c
index a0ca98b90fb..f634a7cd745 100644
--- a/usr.bin/tmux/cmd-kill-pane.c
+++ b/usr.bin/tmux/cmd-kill-pane.c
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-/* $OpenBSD: cmd-kill-pane.c,v 1.33 2026/06/09 12:24:59 nicm Exp $ */
+/* $OpenBSD: cmd-kill-pane.c,v 1.34 2026/06/09 21:22:22 nicm Exp $ */
 
 /*
  * Copyright (c) 2009 Nicholas Marriott <nicholas.marriott@gmail.com>
@@ -50,8 +50,6 @@ cmd_kill_pane_exec(struct cmd *self, struct cmdq_item *item)
 {
 	struct args		*args = cmd_get_args(self);
 	struct cmd_find_state	*target = cmdq_get_target(item);
-	struct session		*s = target->s;
-	struct winlink		*wl = target->wl;
 	struct window_pane	*wp = target->wp;
 	const char		*filter = args_get(args, 'f');
 
diff --git a/usr.bin/tmux/menu.c b/usr.bin/tmux/menu.c
index 9618124aff8..06fdd6acda2 100644
--- a/usr.bin/tmux/menu.c
+++ b/usr.bin/tmux/menu.c
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-/* $OpenBSD: menu.c,v 1.63 2026/04/28 10:01:07 nicm Exp $ */
+/* $OpenBSD: menu.c,v 1.64 2026/06/09 21:22:22 nicm Exp $ */
 
 /*
  * Copyright (c) 2019 Nicholas Marriott <nicholas.marriott@gmail.com>
@@ -281,10 +281,8 @@ menu_draw_cb(struct client *c, void *data,
 	    &md->style_gc, &md->border_style_gc, &md->selected_style_gc);
 	screen_write_stop(&ctx);
 
-	for (i = 0; i < screen_size_y(&md->s); i++) {
-		tty_draw_line(tty, s, 0, i, menu->width + 4, px, py + i,
-		    &grid_default_cell, NULL);
-	}
+	for (i = 0; i < screen_size_y(&md->s); i++)
+		tty_draw_line(tty, s, 0, i, menu->width + 4, px, py + i, NULL);
 }
 
 void
diff --git a/usr.bin/tmux/popup.c b/usr.bin/tmux/popup.c
index f51d01d2af7..cb50e741940 100644
--- a/usr.bin/tmux/popup.c
+++ b/usr.bin/tmux/popup.c
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-/* $OpenBSD: popup.c,v 1.68 2026/05/22 09:05:16 nicm Exp $ */
+/* $OpenBSD: popup.c,v 1.69 2026/06/09 21:22:22 nicm Exp $ */
 
 /*
  * Copyright (c) 2020 Nicholas Marriott <nicholas.marriott@gmail.com>
@@ -209,7 +209,8 @@ popup_init_ctx_cb(struct screen_write_ctx *ctx, struct tty_ctx *ttyctx)
 
 	memcpy(&ttyctx->defaults, &pd->defaults, sizeof ttyctx->defaults);
 	ttyctx->flags &= ~TTY_CTX_WINDOW_BIGGER;
-	ttyctx->palette = &pd->palette;
+	ttyctx->style_ctx.defaults = &ttyctx->defaults;
+	ttyctx->style_ctx.palette = &pd->palette;
 	ttyctx->redraw_cb = popup_redraw_cb;
 	ttyctx->set_client_cb = popup_set_client_cb;
 	ttyctx->arg = pd;
@@ -295,8 +296,8 @@ popup_draw_cb(struct client *c, void *data, struct screen_redraw_ctx *rctx)
 	struct screen		 s;
 	struct screen_write_ctx	 ctx;
 	u_int			 i, px = pd->px, py = pd->py;
-	struct colour_palette	*palette = &pd->palette;
 	struct grid_cell	 defaults;
+	struct tty_style_ctx	 style_ctx;
 
 	popup_reapply_styles(pd);
 
@@ -322,9 +323,12 @@ popup_draw_cb(struct client *c, void *data, struct screen_redraw_ctx *rctx)
 
 	memcpy(&defaults, &pd->defaults, sizeof defaults);
 	if (defaults.fg == 8)
-		defaults.fg = palette->fg;
+		defaults.fg = pd->palette.fg;
 	if (defaults.bg == 8)
-		defaults.bg = palette->bg;
+		defaults.bg = pd->palette.bg;
+	style_ctx.defaults = &defaults;
+	style_ctx.palette = &pd->palette;
+	style_ctx.hyperlinks = s.hyperlinks;
 
 	if (pd->md != NULL) {
 		c->overlay_check = menu_check_cb;
@@ -333,10 +337,8 @@ popup_draw_cb(struct client *c, void *data, struct screen_redraw_ctx *rctx)
 		c->overlay_check = NULL;
 		c->overlay_data = NULL;
 	}
-	for (i = 0; i < pd->sy; i++) {
-		tty_draw_line(tty, &s, 0, i, pd->sx, px, py + i, &defaults,
-		    palette);
-	}
+	for (i = 0; i < pd->sy; i++)
+		tty_draw_line(tty, &s, 0, i, pd->sx, px, py + i, &style_ctx);
 	screen_free(&s);
 	if (pd->md != NULL) {
 		c->overlay_check = NULL;
diff --git a/usr.bin/tmux/screen-redraw.c b/usr.bin/tmux/screen-redraw.c
index 11f21ca36a0..5294d47541a 100644
--- a/usr.bin/tmux/screen-redraw.c
+++ b/usr.bin/tmux/screen-redraw.c
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-/* $OpenBSD: screen-redraw.c,v 1.131 2026/06/02 08:13:50 nicm Exp $ */
+/* $OpenBSD: screen-redraw.c,v 1.132 2026/06/09 21:22:22 nicm Exp $ */
 
 /*
  * Copyright (c) 2007 Nicholas Marriott <nicholas.marriott@gmail.com>
@@ -725,8 +725,7 @@ screen_redraw_draw_pane_status(struct screen_redraw_ctx *ctx)
 			if (ri->nx == 0)
 				continue;
 			tty_draw_line(tty, s, l + (ri->px - x), 0, ri->nx,
-			    ri->px, yoff - ctx->oy,
-			    &grid_default_cell, NULL);
+			    ri->px, yoff - ctx->oy, NULL);
 		}
 	}
 	tty_cursor(tty, 0, 0);
@@ -1044,7 +1043,7 @@ screen_redraw_draw_borders_cell(struct screen_redraw_ctx *ctx, u_int i, u_int j)
 
 	screen_redraw_draw_border_arrows(ctx, i, j, cell_type, wp, active, &gc);
 
-	tty_cell(tty, &gc, &grid_default_cell, NULL, NULL);
+	tty_cell(tty, &gc, NULL);
 	if (isolates)
 		tty_puts(tty, START_ISOLATE);
 }
@@ -1104,10 +1103,8 @@ screen_redraw_draw_status(struct screen_redraw_ctx *ctx)
 		y = 0;
 	else
 		y = c->tty.sy - ctx->statuslines;
-	for (i = 0; i < ctx->statuslines; i++) {
-		tty_draw_line(tty, s, 0, i, UINT_MAX, 0, y + i,
-		    &grid_default_cell, NULL);
-	}
+	for (i = 0; i < ctx->statuslines; i++)
+		tty_draw_line(tty, s, 0, i, UINT_MAX, 0, y + i, NULL);
 }
 
 /*
@@ -1302,6 +1299,7 @@ screen_redraw_draw_pane(struct screen_redraw_ctx *ctx, struct window_pane *wp)
 	struct screen		*s = wp->screen;
 	struct colour_palette	*palette = &wp->palette;
 	struct grid_cell	 defaults;
+	struct tty_style_ctx	 style_ctx;
 	u_int			 j, k, woy, wx, wy, py, width;
 	struct visible_ranges	*r;
 	struct visible_range	*ri;
@@ -1376,10 +1374,15 @@ screen_redraw_draw_pane(struct screen_redraw_ctx *ctx, struct window_pane *wp)
 			width = ctx->sx - wx;
 		}
 
+		/* Set up the default style. */
+		tty_default_colours(&defaults, wp);
+		style_ctx.defaults = &defaults;
+		style_ctx.palette = palette;
+		style_ctx.hyperlinks = s->hyperlinks;
+
 		/* Get visible ranges of line before we draw it. */
 		r = tty_check_overlay_range(tty, wx, wy, width);
 		r = screen_redraw_get_visible_ranges(wp, wx, wy, width, r);
-		tty_default_colours(&defaults, wp);
 		for (k = 0; k < r->used; k++) {
 			ri = &r->ranges[k];
 			if (ri->nx == 0)
@@ -1390,7 +1393,7 @@ screen_redraw_draw_pane(struct screen_redraw_ctx *ctx, struct window_pane *wp)
 			    ri->px + (int)ctx->ox - wp->xoff, j, ri->nx,
 			    ri->px, py, ri->nx);
 			tty_draw_line(tty, s, ri->px + (int)ctx->ox - wp->xoff,
-			    j, ri->nx, ri->px, py, &defaults, palette);
+			    j, ri->nx, ri->px, py, &style_ctx);
 		}
 	}
 }
@@ -1563,16 +1566,14 @@ screen_redraw_draw_scrollbar(struct screen_redraw_ctx *ctx,
 			if ((sb_pos == PANE_SCROLLBARS_LEFT &&
 			    i >= sb_w && i < sb_w + sb_pad) ||
 			    (sb_pos == PANE_SCROLLBARS_RIGHT &&
-			    i < sb_pad)) {
-				tty_cell(tty, &grid_default_cell,
-				    &grid_default_cell, NULL, NULL);
-			} else {
+			    i < sb_pad))
+				tty_cell(tty, &grid_default_cell, NULL);
+			else {
 				if (j >= slider_y && j < slider_y + slider_h)
 					gcp = &slgc;
 				else
 					gcp = &gc;
-				tty_cell(tty, gcp, &grid_default_cell, NULL,
-				    NULL);
+				tty_cell(tty, gcp, NULL);
 			}
 		}
 	}
diff --git a/usr.bin/tmux/screen-write.c b/usr.bin/tmux/screen-write.c
index 77d633a848a..cb32075b9b7 100644
--- a/usr.bin/tmux/screen-write.c
+++ b/usr.bin/tmux/screen-write.c
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-/* $OpenBSD: screen-write.c,v 1.265 2026/06/08 20:41:21 nicm Exp $ */
+/* $OpenBSD: screen-write.c,v 1.266 2026/06/09 21:22:22 nicm Exp $ */
 
 /*
  * Copyright (c) 2007 Nicholas Marriott <nicholas.marriott@gmail.com>
@@ -219,7 +219,8 @@ static void
 screen_write_initctx(struct screen_write_ctx *ctx, struct tty_ctx *ttyctx,
     int is_sync, int check_obscured)
 {
-	struct screen	*s = ctx->s;
+	struct screen		*s = ctx->s;
+	struct colour_palette	*palette = NULL;
 
 	memset(ttyctx, 0, sizeof *ttyctx);
 
@@ -236,19 +237,23 @@ screen_write_initctx(struct screen_write_ctx *ctx, struct tty_ctx *ttyctx,
 		ttyctx->flags |= TTY_CTX_PANE_OBSCURED;
 
 	memcpy(&ttyctx->defaults, &grid_default_cell, sizeof ttyctx->defaults);
+	ttyctx->style_ctx.defaults = &ttyctx->defaults;
+	ttyctx->style_ctx.hyperlinks = ctx->s->hyperlinks;
+
 	if (ctx->init_ctx_cb != NULL) {
 		ctx->init_ctx_cb(ctx, ttyctx);
-		if (ttyctx->palette != NULL) {
+		if (ttyctx->style_ctx.palette != NULL) {
+			palette = ttyctx->style_ctx.palette;
 			if (ttyctx->defaults.fg == 8)
-				ttyctx->defaults.fg = ttyctx->palette->fg;
+				ttyctx->defaults.fg = palette->fg;
 			if (ttyctx->defaults.bg == 8)
-				ttyctx->defaults.bg = ttyctx->palette->bg;
+				ttyctx->defaults.bg = palette->bg;
 		}
 	} else {
 		ttyctx->redraw_cb = screen_write_redraw_cb;
 		if (ctx->wp != NULL) {
 			tty_default_colours(&ttyctx->defaults, ctx->wp);
-			ttyctx->palette = &ctx->wp->palette;
+			ttyctx->style_ctx.palette = &ctx->wp->palette;
 			ttyctx->set_client_cb = screen_write_set_client_cb;
 			ttyctx->arg = ctx->wp;
 		}
diff --git a/usr.bin/tmux/tmux.h b/usr.bin/tmux/tmux.h
index d0a32c154a7..09fe8080aba 100644
--- a/usr.bin/tmux/tmux.h
+++ b/usr.bin/tmux/tmux.h
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-/* $OpenBSD: tmux.h,v 1.1340 2026/06/09 09:11:05 nicm Exp $ */
+/* $OpenBSD: tmux.h,v 1.1341 2026/06/09 21:22:22 nicm Exp $ */
 
 /*
  * Copyright (c) 2007 Nicholas Marriott <nicholas.marriott@gmail.com>
@@ -1610,6 +1610,13 @@ struct tty_term {
 };
 LIST_HEAD(tty_terms, tty_term);
 
+/* Terminal style context. */
+struct tty_style_ctx {
+	const struct grid_cell	*defaults;
+	struct colour_palette	*palette;
+	struct hyperlinks	*hyperlinks;
+};
+
 /* Client terminal. */
 struct tty {
 	struct client	*client;
@@ -1753,7 +1760,7 @@ struct tty_ctx {
 
 	/* The default colours and palette. */
 	struct grid_cell	 defaults;
-	struct colour_palette	*palette;
+	struct tty_style_ctx	 style_ctx;
 
 	/* Containing region (usually window) offset and size. */
 	u_int			 wox;
@@ -2621,6 +2628,10 @@ void	environ_push(struct environ *);
 void printflike(2, 3) environ_log(struct environ *, const char *, ...);
 struct environ *environ_for_session(struct session *, int);
 
+/* tty-draw.c */
+void	tty_draw_line(struct tty *, struct screen *, u_int, u_int, u_int,
+	    u_int, u_int, const struct tty_style_ctx *);
+
 /* tty.c */
 void	tty_create_log(void);
 int	tty_window_bigger(struct tty *);
@@ -2629,8 +2640,7 @@ void	tty_update_window_offset(struct window *);
 void	tty_update_client_offset(struct client *);
 void	tty_raw(struct tty *, const char *);
 void	tty_attributes(struct tty *, const struct grid_cell *,
-	    const struct grid_cell *, struct colour_palette *,
-	    struct hyperlinks *);
+	    const struct tty_style_ctx *);
 void	tty_reset(struct tty *);
 void	tty_region_off(struct tty *);
 void	tty_margin_off(struct tty *);
@@ -2649,8 +2659,7 @@ void	tty_puts(struct tty *, const char *);
 void	tty_putc(struct tty *, u_char);
 void	tty_putn(struct tty *, const void *, size_t, u_int);
 void	tty_cell(struct tty *, const struct grid_cell *,
-	    const struct grid_cell *, struct colour_palette *,
-	    struct hyperlinks *);
+	    const struct tty_style_ctx *);
 int	tty_init(struct tty *, struct client *);
 void	tty_resize(struct tty *);
 void	tty_set_size(struct tty *, u_int, u_int, u_int, u_int);
@@ -2662,17 +2671,13 @@ void	tty_stop_tty(struct tty *);
 void	tty_set_title(struct tty *, const char *);
 void	tty_set_path(struct tty *, const char *);
 void	tty_set_progress_bar(struct tty *, struct progress_bar *);
-void	tty_default_attributes(struct tty *, const struct grid_cell *,
-	    struct colour_palette *, u_int, struct hyperlinks *);
+void	tty_default_attributes(struct tty *, u_int,
+	    const struct tty_style_ctx *);
 void	tty_update_mode(struct tty *, int, struct screen *);
 const struct grid_cell *tty_check_codeset(struct tty *,
 	    const struct grid_cell *);
 struct visible_ranges *tty_check_overlay_range(struct tty *, u_int, u_int,
 	    u_int);
-
-/* tty-draw.c */
-void	tty_draw_line(struct tty *, struct screen *, u_int, u_int, u_int,
-	    u_int, u_int, const struct grid_cell *, struct colour_palette *);
 void	tty_sync_start(struct tty *);
 void	tty_sync_end(struct tty *);
 int	tty_open(struct tty *, char **);
diff --git a/usr.bin/tmux/tty-draw.c b/usr.bin/tmux/tty-draw.c
index 3c285883c32..f5b3e7ed507 100644
--- a/usr.bin/tmux/tty-draw.c
+++ b/usr.bin/tmux/tty-draw.c
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-/* $OpenBSD: tty-draw.c,v 1.10 2026/05/27 20:47:23 nicm Exp $ */
+/* $OpenBSD: tty-draw.c,v 1.11 2026/06/09 21:22:22 nicm Exp $ */
 
 /*
  * Copyright (c) 2026 Nicholas Marriott <nicholas.marriott@gmail.com>
@@ -22,6 +22,7 @@
 
 #include "tmux.h"
 
+/* Current state when drawing line. */
 enum tty_draw_line_state {
 	TTY_DRAW_LINE_FIRST,
 	TTY_DRAW_LINE_FLUSH,
@@ -91,8 +92,7 @@ tty_draw_line_clear(struct tty *tty, u_int px, u_int py, u_int nx,
 /* Draw a line from screen to tty. */
 void
 tty_draw_line(struct tty *tty, struct screen *s, u_int px, u_int py, u_int nx,
-    u_int atx, u_int aty, const struct grid_cell *defaults,
-    struct colour_palette *palette)
+    u_int atx, u_int aty, const struct tty_style_ctx *style_ctx)
 {
 	struct grid		*gd = s->grid;
 	const struct grid_cell	*gcp;
@@ -104,6 +104,14 @@ tty_draw_line(struct tty *tty, struct screen *s, u_int px, u_int py, u_int nx,
 	char			 buf[1000];
 	size_t			 len;
 	enum tty_draw_line_state current_state, next_state;
+	struct tty_style_ctx	 default_style_ctx = { 0 };
+
+
+	if (style_ctx == NULL) {
+		default_style_ctx.defaults = &grid_default_cell;
+		default_style_ctx.hyperlinks = s->hyperlinks;
+		style_ctx = &default_style_ctx;
+	}
 
 	/*
 	 * py is the line in the screen to draw. px is the start x and nx is
@@ -130,8 +138,8 @@ tty_draw_line(struct tty *tty, struct screen *s, u_int px, u_int py, u_int nx,
 	else
 		ex = screen_size_x(s);
 	log_debug("%s: drawing %u-%u,%u (end %u) at %u,%u; defaults: fg=%d, "
-	    "bg=%d", __func__, px, px + nx, py, ex, atx, aty, defaults->fg,
-	    defaults->bg);
+	    "bg=%d", __func__, px, px + nx, py, ex, atx, aty,
+	    style_ctx->defaults->fg, style_ctx->defaults->bg);
 
 	/* Turn off cursor while redrawing and reset region and margins. */
 	flags = (tty->flags & TTY_NOCURSOR);
@@ -142,8 +150,8 @@ tty_draw_line(struct tty *tty, struct screen *s, u_int px, u_int py, u_int nx,
 
 	/* Start with the default cell as the last cell. */
 	memcpy(&last, &grid_default_cell, sizeof last);
-	last.bg = defaults->bg;
-	tty_default_attributes(tty, defaults, palette, 8, s->hyperlinks);
+	last.bg = style_ctx->defaults->bg;
+	tty_default_attributes(tty, 8, style_ctx);
 
 	/*
 	 * If there is padding at the start, we must have truncated a wide
@@ -164,7 +172,7 @@ tty_draw_line(struct tty *tty, struct screen *s, u_int px, u_int py, u_int nx,
 				break;
 		}
 		if (i == 0)
-			bg = defaults->bg;
+			bg = style_ctx->defaults->bg;
 		else {
 			bg = gc.bg;
 			if (gc.flags & GRID_FLAG_SELECTED) {
@@ -173,9 +181,9 @@ tty_draw_line(struct tty *tty, struct screen *s, u_int px, u_int py, u_int nx,
 					bg = ngc.bg;
 			}
 		}
-		tty_attributes(tty, &last, defaults, palette, s->hyperlinks);
+			tty_attributes(tty, &last, style_ctx);
 		log_debug("%s: clearing %u padding cells", __func__, cx);
-		tty_draw_line_clear(tty, atx, aty, cx, defaults, bg, 0);
+		tty_draw_line_clear(tty, atx, aty, cx, style_ctx->defaults, bg, 0);
 		if (cx == ex)
 			goto out;
 		atx += cx;
@@ -274,15 +282,14 @@ tty_draw_line(struct tty *tty, struct screen *s, u_int px, u_int py, u_int nx,
 		/* If the state has changed, flush any collected data. */
 		if (next_state != current_state) {
 			if (current_state == TTY_DRAW_LINE_EMPTY) {
-				tty_attributes(tty, &last, defaults, palette,
-				    s->hyperlinks);
+				tty_attributes(tty, &last, style_ctx);
 				tty_draw_line_clear(tty, atx + last_i, aty,
-				    i - last_i, defaults, last.bg, wrapped);
+				    i - last_i, style_ctx->defaults, last.bg,
+				    wrapped);
 				wrapped = 0;
 			} else if (next_state != TTY_DRAW_LINE_SAME &&
 			    len != 0) {
-				tty_attributes(tty, &last, defaults, palette,
-				    s->hyperlinks);
+				tty_attributes(tty, &last, style_ctx);
 				if (atx + i - width != 0 || !wrapped)
 					tty_cursor(tty, atx + i - width, aty);
 				if (~last.attr & GRID_ATTR_CHARSET)
@@ -322,4 +329,3 @@ out:
 	tty->flags = (tty->flags & ~TTY_NOCURSOR)|flags;
 	tty_update_mode(tty, tty->mode, s);
 }
-
diff --git a/usr.bin/tmux/tty.c b/usr.bin/tmux/tty.c
index 6196acadba9..55224a511dc 100644
--- a/usr.bin/tmux/tty.c
+++ b/usr.bin/tmux/tty.c
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-/* $OpenBSD: tty.c,v 1.470 2026/06/09 11:49:36 nicm Exp $ */
+/* $OpenBSD: tty.c,v 1.471 2026/06/09 21:22:22 nicm Exp $ */
 
 /*
  * Copyright (c) 2007 Nicholas Marriott <nicholas.marriott@gmail.com>
@@ -79,6 +79,10 @@ static int	tty_check_overlay(struct tty *, u_int, u_int);
 #define TTY_QUERY_TIMEOUT 5
 #define TTY_REQUEST_LIMIT 30
 
+static struct tty_style_ctx tty_default_style_ctx = {
+	&grid_default_cell, NULL, NULL
+};
+
 void
 tty_create_log(void)
 {
@@ -1410,7 +1414,7 @@ tty_draw_pane(struct tty *tty, const struct tty_ctx *ctx, u_int py)
 			if (rr->nx == 0)
 				continue;
 			tty_draw_line(tty, s, rr->px - ctx->xoff, py, rr->nx,
-			    rr->px, ctx->yoff + py, &ctx->defaults, ctx->palette);
+			    rr->px, ctx->yoff + py, &ctx->style_ctx);
 		}
 		return;
 	}
@@ -1421,7 +1425,7 @@ tty_draw_pane(struct tty *tty, const struct tty_ctx *ctx, u_int py)
 			if (rr->nx == 0)
 				continue;
 			tty_draw_line(tty, s, i + rr->px - x, py, rr->nx,
-			    rr->px, ry, &ctx->defaults, ctx->palette);
+			    rr->px, ry, &ctx->style_ctx);
 		}
 	}
 }
@@ -1578,8 +1582,7 @@ tty_cmd_insertcharacter(struct tty *tty, const struct tty_ctx *ctx)
 		return;
 	}
 
-	tty_default_attributes(tty, &ctx->defaults, ctx->palette, ctx->bg,
-	    ctx->s->hyperlinks);
+	tty_default_attributes(tty, ctx->bg, &ctx->style_ctx);
 
 	tty_cursor_pane(tty, ctx, ctx->ocx, ctx->ocy);
 
@@ -1601,8 +1604,7 @@ tty_cmd_deletecharacter(struct tty *tty, const struct tty_ctx *ctx)
 		return;
 	}
 
-	tty_default_attributes(tty, &ctx->defaults, ctx->palette, ctx->bg,
-	    ctx->s->hyperlinks);
+	tty_default_attributes(tty, ctx->bg, &ctx->style_ctx);
 
 	tty_cursor_pane(tty, ctx, ctx->ocx, ctx->ocy);
 
@@ -1612,8 +1614,7 @@ tty_cmd_deletecharacter(struct tty *tty, const struct tty_ctx *ctx)
 void
 tty_cmd_clearcharacter(struct tty *tty, const struct tty_ctx *ctx)
 {
-	tty_default_attributes(tty, &ctx->defaults, ctx->palette, ctx->bg,
-	    ctx->s->hyperlinks);
+	tty_default_attributes(tty, ctx->bg, &ctx->style_ctx);
 
 	tty_clear_pane_line(tty, ctx, ctx->ocy, ctx->ocx, ctx->n, ctx->bg);
 }
@@ -1635,8 +1636,7 @@ tty_cmd_insertline(struct tty *tty, const struct tty_ctx *ctx)
 		return;
 	}
 
-	tty_default_attributes(tty, &ctx->defaults, ctx->palette, ctx->bg,
-	    ctx->s->hyperlinks);
+	tty_default_attributes(tty, ctx->bg, &ctx->style_ctx);
 
 	tty_region_pane(tty, ctx, ctx->orupper, ctx->orlower);
 	tty_margin_off(tty);
@@ -1663,8 +1663,7 @@ tty_cmd_deleteline(struct tty *tty, const struct tty_ctx *ctx)
 		return;
 	}
 
-	tty_default_attributes(tty, &ctx->defaults, ctx->palette, ctx->bg,
-	    ctx->s->hyperlinks);
+	tty_default_attributes(tty, ctx->bg, &ctx->style_ctx);
 
 	tty_region_pane(tty, ctx, ctx->orupper, ctx->orlower);
 	tty_margin_off(tty);
@@ -1677,8 +1676,7 @@ tty_cmd_deleteline(struct tty *tty, const struct tty_ctx *ctx)
 void
 tty_cmd_clearline(struct tty *tty, const struct tty_ctx *ctx)
 {
-	tty_default_attributes(tty, &ctx->defaults, ctx->palette, ctx->bg,
-	    ctx->s->hyperlinks);
+	tty_default_attributes(tty, ctx->bg, &ctx->style_ctx);
 
 	tty_clear_pane_line(tty, ctx, ctx->ocy, 0, ctx->sx, ctx->bg);
 }
@@ -1688,8 +1686,7 @@ tty_cmd_clearendofline(struct tty *tty, const struct tty_ctx *ctx)
 {
 	u_int	nx = ctx->sx - ctx->ocx;
 
-	tty_default_attributes(tty, &ctx->defaults, ctx->palette, ctx->bg,
-	    ctx->s->hyperlinks);
+	tty_default_attributes(tty, ctx->bg, &ctx->style_ctx);
 
 	tty_clear_pane_line(tty, ctx, ctx->ocy, ctx->ocx, nx, ctx->bg);
 }
@@ -1697,8 +1694,7 @@ tty_cmd_clearendofline(struct tty *tty, const struct tty_ctx *ctx)
 void
 tty_cmd_clearstartofline(struct tty *tty, const struct tty_ctx *ctx)
 {
-	tty_default_attributes(tty, &ctx->defaults, ctx->palette, ctx->bg,
-	    ctx->s->hyperlinks);
+	tty_default_attributes(tty, ctx->bg, &ctx->style_ctx);
 
 	tty_clear_pane_line(tty, ctx, ctx->ocy, 0, ctx->ocx + 1, ctx->bg);
 }
@@ -1724,8 +1720,7 @@ tty_cmd_reverseindex(struct tty *tty, const struct tty_ctx *ctx)
 		return;
 	}
 
-	tty_default_attributes(tty, &ctx->defaults, ctx->palette, ctx->bg,
-	    ctx->s->hyperlinks);
+	tty_default_attributes(tty, ctx->bg, &ctx->style_ctx);
 
 	tty_region_pane(tty, ctx, ctx->orupper, ctx->orlower);
 	tty_margin_pane(tty, ctx);
@@ -1756,8 +1751,7 @@ tty_cmd_linefeed(struct tty *tty, const struct tty_ctx *ctx)
 		return;
 	}
 
-	tty_default_attributes(tty, &ctx->defaults, ctx->palette, ctx->bg,
-	    ctx->s->hyperlinks);
+	tty_default_attributes(tty, ctx->bg, &ctx->style_ctx);
 
 	tty_region_pane(tty, ctx, ctx->orupper, ctx->orlower);
 	tty_margin_pane(tty, ctx);
@@ -1797,8 +1791,7 @@ tty_cmd_scrollup(struct tty *tty, const struct tty_ctx *ctx)
 		return;
 	}
 
-	tty_default_attributes(tty, &ctx->defaults, ctx->palette, ctx->bg,
-	    ctx->s->hyperlinks);
+	tty_default_attributes(tty, ctx->bg, &ctx->style_ctx);
 
 	tty_region_pane(tty, ctx, ctx->orupper, ctx->orlower);
 	tty_margin_pane(tty, ctx);
@@ -1838,8 +1831,7 @@ tty_cmd_scrolldown(struct tty *tty, const struct tty_ctx *ctx)
 		return;
 	}
 
-	tty_default_attributes(tty, &ctx->defaults, ctx->palette, ctx->bg,
-	    ctx->s->hyperlinks);
+	tty_default_attributes(tty, ctx->bg, &ctx->style_ctx);
 
 	tty_region_pane(tty, ctx, ctx->orupper, ctx->orlower);
 	tty_margin_pane(tty, ctx);
@@ -1858,8 +1850,7 @@ tty_cmd_clearendofscreen(struct tty *tty, const struct tty_ctx *ctx)
 {
 	u_int	px, py, nx, ny;
 
-	tty_default_attributes(tty, &ctx->defaults, ctx->palette, ctx->bg,
-	    ctx->s->hyperlinks);
+	tty_default_attributes(tty, ctx->bg, &ctx->style_ctx);
 
 	tty_region_pane(tty, ctx, 0, ctx->sy - 1);
 	tty_margin_off(tty);
@@ -1883,8 +1874,7 @@ tty_cmd_clearstartofscreen(struct tty *tty, const struct tty_ctx *ctx)
 {
 	u_int	px, py, nx, ny;
 
-	tty_default_attributes(tty, &ctx->defaults, ctx->palette, ctx->bg,
-	    ctx->s->hyperlinks);
+	tty_default_attributes(tty, ctx->bg, &ctx->style_ctx);
 
 	tty_region_pane(tty, ctx, 0, ctx->sy - 1);
 	tty_margin_off(tty);
@@ -1908,8 +1898,7 @@ tty_cmd_clearscreen(struct tty *tty, const struct tty_ctx *ctx)
 {
 	u_int	px, py, nx, ny;
 
-	tty_default_attributes(tty, &ctx->defaults, ctx->palette, ctx->bg,
-	    ctx->s->hyperlinks);
+	tty_default_attributes(tty, ctx->bg, &ctx->style_ctx);
 
 	tty_region_pane(tty, ctx, 0, ctx->sy - 1);
 	tty_margin_off(tty);
@@ -1934,8 +1923,7 @@ tty_cmd_alignmenttest(struct tty *tty, const struct tty_ctx *ctx)
 		return;
 	}
 
-	tty_attributes(tty, &grid_default_cell, &ctx->defaults, ctx->palette,
-	    ctx->s->hyperlinks);
+	tty_attributes(tty, &grid_default_cell, &ctx->style_ctx);
 
 	tty_region_pane(tty, ctx, 0, ctx->sy - 1);
 	tty_margin_off(tty);
@@ -1968,7 +1956,7 @@ tty_cmd_cell(struct tty *tty, const struct tty_ctx *ctx)
 			vis += r->ranges[i].nx;
 		if (vis < gcp->data.width) {
 			tty_draw_line(tty, s, s->cx, s->cy, gcp->data.width,
-			    px, py, &ctx->defaults, ctx->palette);
+			    px, py, &ctx->style_ctx);
 			return;
 		}
 	}
@@ -1983,8 +1971,7 @@ tty_cmd_cell(struct tty *tty, const struct tty_ctx *ctx)
 		tty_invalidate(tty);
 	tty_cursor_pane_unless_wrap(tty, ctx, ctx->ocx, ctx->ocy);
 
-	tty_cell(tty, ctx->cell, &ctx->defaults, ctx->palette,
-	    ctx->s->hyperlinks);
+	tty_cell(tty, ctx->cell, &ctx->style_ctx);
 
 	if (ctx->flags & TTY_CTX_CELL_INVALIDATE)
 		tty_invalidate(tty);
@@ -2020,8 +2007,7 @@ tty_cmd_cells(struct tty *tty, const struct tty_ctx *ctx)
 
 	tty_margin_off(tty);
 	tty_cursor_pane_unless_wrap(tty, ctx, ctx->ocx, ctx->ocy);
-	tty_attributes(tty, ctx->cell, &ctx->defaults, ctx->palette,
-	    ctx->s->hyperlinks);
+	tty_attributes(tty, ctx->cell, &ctx->style_ctx);
 
 	/* Get tty position from pane position for overlay check. */
 	px = ctx->xoff + ctx->ocx - ctx->wox;
@@ -2098,8 +2084,7 @@ tty_cmd_syncstart(struct tty *tty, const struct tty_ctx *ctx)
 
 void
 tty_cell(struct tty *tty, const struct grid_cell *gc,
-    const struct grid_cell *defaults, struct colour_palette *palette,
-    struct hyperlinks *hl)
+    const struct tty_style_ctx *style_ctx)
 {
 	const struct grid_cell	*gcp;
 
@@ -2119,7 +2104,7 @@ tty_cell(struct tty *tty, const struct grid_cell *gc,
 
 	/* Check the output codeset and apply attributes. */
 	gcp = tty_check_codeset(tty, gc);
-	tty_attributes(tty, gcp, defaults, palette, hl);
+	tty_attributes(tty, gcp, style_ctx);
 
 	/* If it is a single character, write with putc to handle ACS. */
 	if (gcp->data.size == 1) {
@@ -2464,19 +2449,22 @@ tty_hyperlink(struct tty *tty, const struct grid_cell *gc,
 
 void
 tty_attributes(struct tty *tty, const struct grid_cell *gc,
-    const struct grid_cell *defaults, struct colour_palette *palette,
-    struct hyperlinks *hl)
+    const struct tty_style_ctx *style_ctx)
 {
 	struct grid_cell	*tc = &tty->cell, gc2;
 	int			 changed;
 
+	/* Use default style if not given. */
+	if (style_ctx == NULL)
+		style_ctx = &tty_default_style_ctx;
+
 	/* Copy cell and update default colours. */
 	memcpy(&gc2, gc, sizeof gc2);
 	if (~gc->flags & GRID_FLAG_NOPALETTE) {
 		if (gc2.fg == 8)
-			gc2.fg = defaults->fg;
+			gc2.fg = style_ctx->defaults->fg;
 		if (gc2.bg == 8)
-			gc2.bg = defaults->bg;
+			gc2.bg = style_ctx->defaults->bg;
 	}
 
 	/* Ignore cell if it is the same as the last one. */
@@ -2503,9 +2491,9 @@ tty_attributes(struct tty *tty, const struct grid_cell *gc,
 	}
 
 	/* Fix up the colours if necessary. */
-	tty_check_fg(tty, palette, &gc2);
-	tty_check_bg(tty, palette, &gc2);
-	tty_check_us(tty, palette, &gc2);
+	tty_check_fg(tty, style_ctx->palette, &gc2);
+	tty_check_bg(tty, style_ctx->palette, &gc2);
+	tty_check_us(tty, style_ctx->palette, &gc2);
 
 	/*
 	 * If any bits are being cleared or the underline colour is now default,
@@ -2561,7 +2549,7 @@ tty_attributes(struct tty *tty, const struct grid_cell *gc,
 		tty_putcode(tty, TTYC_SMACS);
 
 	/* Set hyperlink if any. */
-	tty_hyperlink(tty, gc, hl);
+	tty_hyperlink(tty, gc, style_ctx->hyperlinks);
 
 	memcpy(&tty->last_cell, &gc2, sizeof tty->last_cell);
 }
@@ -2583,8 +2571,9 @@ tty_colours(struct tty *tty, const struct grid_cell *gc)
 	 */
 	if (COLOUR_DEFAULT(gc->fg) || COLOUR_DEFAULT(gc->bg)) {
 		/*
-		 * If don't have AX, send sgr0. This resets both colours to default.
-		 * Otherwise, try to set the default colour only as needed.
+		 * If don't have AX, send sgr0. This resets both colours to
+		 * default. Otherwise, try to set the default colour only as
+		 * needed.
 		 */
 		if (!tty_term_flag(tty->term, TTYC_AX))
 			tty_reset(tty);
@@ -2950,14 +2939,14 @@ tty_default_colours(struct grid_cell *gc, struct window_pane *wp)
 }
 
 void
-tty_default_attributes(struct tty *tty, const struct grid_cell *defaults,
-    struct colour_palette *palette, u_int bg, struct hyperlinks *hl)
+tty_default_attributes(struct tty *tty, u_int bg,
+    const struct tty_style_ctx *style_ctx)
 {
 	struct grid_cell	gc;
 
 	memcpy(&gc, &grid_default_cell, sizeof gc);
 	gc.bg = bg;
-	tty_attributes(tty, &gc, defaults, palette, hl);
+	tty_attributes(tty, &gc, style_ctx);
 }
 
 static void
diff --git a/usr.bin/tmux/window-copy.c b/usr.bin/tmux/window-copy.c
index 932c92c072c..b38fcb26eb0 100644
--- a/usr.bin/tmux/window-copy.c
+++ b/usr.bin/tmux/window-copy.c
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-/* $OpenBSD: window-copy.c,v 1.402 2026/06/04 09:24:03 nicm Exp $ */
+/* $OpenBSD: window-copy.c,v 1.403 2026/06/09 21:22:22 nicm Exp $ */
 
 /*
  * Copyright (c) 2007 Nicholas Marriott <nicholas.marriott@gmail.com>
@@ -567,13 +567,8 @@ window_copy_add(struct window_pane *wp, int parse, const char *fmt, ...)
 
 static void
 window_copy_init_ctx_cb(__unused struct screen_write_ctx *ctx,
-    struct tty_ctx *ttyctx)
+    __unused struct tty_ctx *ttyctx)
 {
-	memcpy(&ttyctx->defaults, &grid_default_cell, sizeof ttyctx->defaults);
-	ttyctx->palette = NULL;
-	ttyctx->redraw_cb = NULL;
-	ttyctx->set_client_cb = NULL;
-	ttyctx->arg = NULL;
 }
 
 void